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Fuel Supply System in Diesel Engines Explained

2025-01-08

Fuel Supply System in Petrol Engines Explained

The fuel supply system in spark ignition (SI) or petrol engines is essential for delivering the optimal mixture of fuel and air to the combustion chamber for effective power generation. This system includes several components that work together to ensure that sufficient fuel reaches the engine.

Here’s a breakdown of the main parts of a petrol engine fuel system:

1. Fuel Tank:

The fuel tank is the storage container for the fuel. Its capacity determines how far the vehicle can travel before needing a refill, and it is typically located at the rear of the vehicle.

2. Fuel Pump:

Located inside or near the fuel tank, the fuel pump is responsible for transporting fuel from the tank to the fuel injectors. It maintains the necessary pressure to ensure that the injectors deliver the right amount of fuel under various conditions. Fuel pumps can be mechanical or electrical.

3. Fuel Filter:

To protect the engine, the fuel filter cleans the fuel by removing contaminants before it reaches the combustion chamber. It is positioned between the fuel tank and the pump.

4. Fuel Lines:

These lines connect all components of the fuel supply system, linking the fuel tank to the injectors and the injectors to the engine. They ensure a consistent flow of fuel.

5. Fuel Injector:

Fuel injectors spray a precise amount of fuel and air into the engine for proper combustion. They consist of a valve with a nozzle that regulates fuel delivery.

6. Carburetor:

Found in older petrol engines, the carburetor mixes fuel and air in the correct ratio for combustion and ignition.

7. Fuel Gauge:

The fuel gauge is a dial on the dashboard that indicates the amount of fuel in the tank. Modern gauges provide accurate readings, whereas older models might not reflect the actual fuel level accurately.

8. Fuel Pressure Regulator:

This device maintains the optimum fuel pressure within the engine to ensure efficient operation.

9. Emission Vapor Control System:

This system prevents petrol vapors from escaping into the environment. If it malfunctions, it can lead to unpleasant odors inside the vehicle. See less

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